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The format of a screenplay typically follows industry-standard guidelines to ensure clarity and consistency. Here’s a breakdown of the key elements and formatting rules:
1. Page Layout:
– Use standard US letter-sized paper (8.5″ x 11″).
– Set the margins to approximately 1 inch on all sides.
– Use a legible font like Courier or Courier New, size 12.
2. Title Page:
– Center-align the title at the top of the page.
– Below the title, add “Written by” and your name.
– Include your contact information in the bottom left or right corner.
3. Scene Headings (also called Sluglines):
– Begin each new scene with a scene heading written in uppercase.
– Use INT. for interior scenes and EXT. for exterior scenes.
– Follow it with the location name and time of day (e.g., INT. LIVING ROOM – DAY).
– Separate the location and time of day with a hyphen.
4. Action Lines:
– Write action lines in present tense and describe the visual and audio elements.
– Keep paragraphs concise, usually limited to three lines.
– Use active and engaging language.
5. Characters:
– Introduce new characters with capitalized names in uppercase.
– Include a brief description of the character the first time they appear.
– Indicate dialogue with the character’s name centered above the dialogue.
6. Dialogue:
– Start a new paragraph each time a new character speaks.
– Indent the character’s name 3.7 inches from the left margin.
– Use double-spaced lines for dialogue.
– Use parentheses for character actions or directions within the dialogue.
7. Parentheticals:
– Use parentheses to provide specific instructions or emotional cues for the actors.
– Place them below the character’s name and indented slightly.
8. Transitions:
– Use transitions to indicate changes in time or location.
– Common transitions include CUT TO:, DISSOLVE TO:, and FADE IN/FADE OUT:
9. Shots and Camera Directions:
– Avoid including specific camera directions unless necessary for the story.
– Focus on describing the visual elements and let the director and cinematographer decide on the shots.
10. Formatting Considerations:
– Use page breaks to start new scenes on a fresh page.
– Use uppercase letters for sound effects (e.g., DOOR CREAKS).
– Use italics for voice-overs and off-screen dialogue.
– Use dual dialogue for two characters speaking simultaneously.
– Include scene numbers in the scene headings for easy reference.
These are general guidelines, and there may be variations depending on specific requirements or personal preferences. However, adhering to industry standards increases the chances of your screenplay being well-received and easily understood by readers and production professionals.